Non-Oil GDP Share: 76.5% ▲ -8.5pp vs 2020 | GDP Growth: 1.6% ▲ +0.2pp vs 2023 | Fiscal Balance: +2.8% GDP ▲ 3rd surplus year | FDI Inflows: $12.5B ▼ -0.6% vs 2023 | Unemployment: 3.3% ▼ +0.1pp vs 2023 | Inflation: 0.6% ▲ -0.4pp vs 2023 | Green H₂ Pipeline: $30B+ ▲ 2 new deals 2025 | Gross Public Debt: ~35% GDP ▲ ↓ from 44% | CPI Rank: 50th ▲ +20 places | Global Innovation Index: 69th ▲ +10 vs 2022 | Digitalised Procedures: 2,680 ▲ of 2,869 target | Non-Oil GDP Share: 76.5% ▲ -8.5pp vs 2020 | GDP Growth: 1.6% ▲ +0.2pp vs 2023 | Fiscal Balance: +2.8% GDP ▲ 3rd surplus year | FDI Inflows: $12.5B ▼ -0.6% vs 2023 | Unemployment: 3.3% ▼ +0.1pp vs 2023 | Inflation: 0.6% ▲ -0.4pp vs 2023 | Green H₂ Pipeline: $30B+ ▲ 2 new deals 2025 | Gross Public Debt: ~35% GDP ▲ ↓ from 44% | CPI Rank: 50th ▲ +20 places | Global Innovation Index: 69th ▲ +10 vs 2022 | Digitalised Procedures: 2,680 ▲ of 2,869 target |

Energy Sector

Tracking Oman's energy transition, renewable energy projects, and hydrocarbon sector diversification.

Energy Sector

The energy sector remains the structural backbone of the Omani economy, contributing approximately 30 percent of GDP and generating roughly 65 percent of total government revenue. Petroleum Development Oman (PDO), the country’s largest oil producer, operates alongside international concession holders including TotalEnergies, Shell, and BP in extracting from mature and enhanced oil recovery fields. Crude production has stabilized at approximately 1.05 million barrels per day, while Oman LNG and its Qalhat facility export around 10.4 million tonnes per annum of liquefied natural gas.

Vision 2040 frames the energy transition not as an abandonment of hydrocarbons but as a managed diversification toward renewables, green hydrogen, and downstream value-added processing. The Sultanate has committed to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 and has positioned green hydrogen as a centrepiece of its post-oil industrial strategy, with projects such as ACME’s facility at Duqm and the Hyport Duqm consortium targeting gigawatt-scale electrolyser capacity. Oman’s Hydrogen Strategy envisions production of at least one million tonnes of green hydrogen annually by 2030, leveraging the country’s high solar irradiance and consistent wind resources along the Arabian Sea coast.

Key challenges include the fiscal dependency on hydrocarbon revenues during the transition period, the capital intensity of renewable infrastructure buildout, and the need to retrain a workforce historically oriented toward upstream oil and gas operations. The energy sector’s trajectory will determine the pace and credibility of Oman’s broader economic diversification.

Deep-dive analysis: